TY - JOUR
T1 - Surveillance of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a neonatal intensivecare unit: prominent role of cross transmission
AU - Mammina, Caterina
AU - Giuffre, Mario
AU - Casuccio, Alessandra
AU - Corsello, Giovanni
AU - Di Carlo, Paola
AU - Plano, Maria Rosa Anna
AU - Cipolla, Domenico
AU - D'Angelo, Emma
AU - Corsello, Giovanni
AU - Mammina, Caterina
AU - Di Carlo, Paola
AU - Titone, Lucina
AU - Giuffrè, Mario
AU - Di Gaetano, Vincenzo
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - BACKGROUND:Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDRGN) are an important cause of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We conducted a 1-year prospective surveillance study in an NICU to assess the epidemiology of MDRGN among newborns and the relative importance of acquisition routes.METHODS:Neonates admitted at the NICU of the Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy, from January 7, 2003, to January 6, 2004, were included in the study. Colonization of patients with MDRGN was assessed by cultures of rectal swabs sampled twice a week. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine relatedness among MDRGN isolates. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) production was investigated. The association between risk factors at admission and during the NICU stay was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS:During the 12-month period January 7, 2003, through January 6, 2004, 1021 rectal swabs were cultured from 210 infants. One hundred sixteen infants (55.2%) were colonized by MDRGN. The monthly incidence of acquisition of MDRGN ranged between 12 and 53 cases per 1000 patient-days. Eighty-four (72.4%) of the 116 patients were cross colonized. Exclusive feeding by formula was significantly associated with cross transmission (RR=1.8, P=.02). Fifty-seven (49.1%) of the 116 infants were colonized by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Feeding by formula was significantly associated with colonization by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (RR=1.6, P=.007), whereas breastfeeding proved to be protective (RR=0.5, P=.001). Ninety-two (43.8%) of the 210 infants received antibiotics during the NICU stay, but exposure to those most frequently administered, ampicillin-sulbactam and gentamicin, was not significantly associated with MDRGN colonization.CONCLUSION:The emerging picture of this study is that spread of MDRGN in an NICU may be the result of diffuse cross transmission and, consequently, of poor infection control procedures.
AB - BACKGROUND:Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDRGN) are an important cause of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We conducted a 1-year prospective surveillance study in an NICU to assess the epidemiology of MDRGN among newborns and the relative importance of acquisition routes.METHODS:Neonates admitted at the NICU of the Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy, from January 7, 2003, to January 6, 2004, were included in the study. Colonization of patients with MDRGN was assessed by cultures of rectal swabs sampled twice a week. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine relatedness among MDRGN isolates. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) production was investigated. The association between risk factors at admission and during the NICU stay was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS:During the 12-month period January 7, 2003, through January 6, 2004, 1021 rectal swabs were cultured from 210 infants. One hundred sixteen infants (55.2%) were colonized by MDRGN. The monthly incidence of acquisition of MDRGN ranged between 12 and 53 cases per 1000 patient-days. Eighty-four (72.4%) of the 116 patients were cross colonized. Exclusive feeding by formula was significantly associated with cross transmission (RR=1.8, P=.02). Fifty-seven (49.1%) of the 116 infants were colonized by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Feeding by formula was significantly associated with colonization by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (RR=1.6, P=.007), whereas breastfeeding proved to be protective (RR=0.5, P=.001). Ninety-two (43.8%) of the 210 infants received antibiotics during the NICU stay, but exposure to those most frequently administered, ampicillin-sulbactam and gentamicin, was not significantly associated with MDRGN colonization.CONCLUSION:The emerging picture of this study is that spread of MDRGN in an NICU may be the result of diffuse cross transmission and, consequently, of poor infection control procedures.
KW - Surveillance
KW - multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli
KW - neonatal intensive care unit
KW - Surveillance
KW - multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli
KW - neonatal intensive care unit
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10447/24849
M3 - Article
SN - 0196-6553
VL - 35
SP - 222
EP - 230
JO - American Journal of Infection Control
JF - American Journal of Infection Control
ER -