TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular chaperones and thyroid cancer
AU - Graceffa, Giuseppa
AU - Pitruzzella, Alessandro
AU - Paladino, Letizia
AU - Bucchieri, Fabio
AU - Rappa, Francesca
AU - Cipolla, Calogero
AU - Vitale, Alessandra Maria
AU - Santonocito, Radha
AU - Pitruzzella, Alessandro
AU - Paladino, Letizia
AU - Vitale, Alessandra Maria
AU - De Macario, Everly Conway
AU - De Macario, Everly Conway
AU - Macario, Alberto J. L.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Thyroid cancers are the most common of the endocrine system malignancies and progress must be made in the areas of differential diagnosis and treatment to improve patient management. Advances in the understanding of carcinogenic mechanisms have occurred in various fronts, including studies of the chaperone system (CS). Components of the CS are found to be quantitatively increased or decreased, and some correlations have been established between the quantitative changes and tumor type, prognosis, and response to treatment. These correlations provide the basis for identi-fying distinctive patterns useful in differential diagnosis and for planning experiments aiming at elucidating the role of the CS in tumorigenesis. Here, we discuss studies of the CS components in various thyroid cancers (TC). The chaperones belonging to the families of the small heat-shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp90 and the chaperonin of Group I, Hsp60, have been quantified mostly by immunohistochemistry and Western blot in tumor and normal control tissues and in extracellular vesicles. Distinctive differences were revealed between the various thyroid tumor types. The most frequent finding was an increase in the chaperones, which can be attributed to the augmented need for chaperones the tumor cells have because of their accelerated metabolism, growth, and division rate. Thus, chaperones help the tumor cell rather than protect the patient, exemplifying chaperonopathies by mistake or collaborationism. This highlights the need for research on chaperonotherapy, namely the development of means to eliminate/inhibit pathogenic chaperones.
AB - Thyroid cancers are the most common of the endocrine system malignancies and progress must be made in the areas of differential diagnosis and treatment to improve patient management. Advances in the understanding of carcinogenic mechanisms have occurred in various fronts, including studies of the chaperone system (CS). Components of the CS are found to be quantitatively increased or decreased, and some correlations have been established between the quantitative changes and tumor type, prognosis, and response to treatment. These correlations provide the basis for identi-fying distinctive patterns useful in differential diagnosis and for planning experiments aiming at elucidating the role of the CS in tumorigenesis. Here, we discuss studies of the CS components in various thyroid cancers (TC). The chaperones belonging to the families of the small heat-shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp90 and the chaperonin of Group I, Hsp60, have been quantified mostly by immunohistochemistry and Western blot in tumor and normal control tissues and in extracellular vesicles. Distinctive differences were revealed between the various thyroid tumor types. The most frequent finding was an increase in the chaperones, which can be attributed to the augmented need for chaperones the tumor cells have because of their accelerated metabolism, growth, and division rate. Thus, chaperones help the tumor cell rather than protect the patient, exemplifying chaperonopathies by mistake or collaborationism. This highlights the need for research on chaperonotherapy, namely the development of means to eliminate/inhibit pathogenic chaperones.
KW - Chaperone system
KW - Chaperonopathies by mistake
KW - Chaperonotherapy
KW - Differential diagnosis
KW - Hsp27
KW - Hsp60
KW - Hsp70
KW - Hsp90
KW - Molecular chaperones
KW - Thyroid tumors
KW - Chaperone system
KW - Chaperonopathies by mistake
KW - Chaperonotherapy
KW - Differential diagnosis
KW - Hsp27
KW - Hsp60
KW - Hsp70
KW - Hsp90
KW - Molecular chaperones
KW - Thyroid tumors
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10447/509114
M3 - Article
VL - 22
SP - 4196-
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
SN - 1661-6596
ER -