Abstract
Increasing irrigation efficiency is amajor goal for fruit production in dry Mediterranean environments. The present
study was conducted in three consecutive years (2007–09) under typical Mediterranean conditions and tested the
effect of partial rootzone drying (PRD) on yield and fruit quality of two apple cultivars: Gala, with fruit maturing in
summer and Fuji, with fruit maturing in autumn. Three irrigation treatments were imposed: conventional irrigation
(CI), PRD (0·50 of CI water on one side of the rootzone, which was alternated periodically) and continuous deficit
irrigation (DI, 0·50 of CI water on both sides of the rootzone). During the 2008 and 2009 irrigation seasons, DI
reduced tree water status, and to some extent soil moisture, compared with CI and PRD. In all the years and both
cultivars, DI reduced crop load by 11 and 5% over CI and PRD, respectively. In cvar Fuji, DI reduced production
per tree by 9% and yield efficiency by 16% compared with CI. In all years for cvar Gala and in 2 of the 3 years for
cvar Fuji, PRD and DI increased fruit soluble solid content by 5–6%, whereas PRD improved peel colour only in
cvar Fuji and in 2 of the 3 years. In cvar Gala, DI fruit showed 27% more sorbitol and 55% more sucrose than PRD
fruit. In both cultivars, PRD determined greater marketable yield and profit than DI. Irrigation water productivity
(IWP) was increased by both PRD and DI, and in Fuji, PRD induced 18% greater IWP than DI. The different
responses of the two cultivars to irrigation treatments can be attributed to differences in canopy size, crop load and
mostly to the different timing of fruit growth. In particular, undergoing fast fruit growth during the irrigation period
seems to induce permanent yield reductions in DI (but not PRD) trees of cvar Fuji, whereas water deficit during late
fruit growth and lower crop load may have cancelled the negative effect of DI in the smaller trees of cvar Gala.
Lingua originale | English |
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pagine (da-a) | 556-569 |
Numero di pagine | 14 |
Rivista | THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE |
Volume | 151 |
Stato di pubblicazione | Published - 2013 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- ???subjectarea.asjc.1100.1103???
- ???subjectarea.asjc.1300.1311???
- ???subjectarea.asjc.1100.1102???