CuCl-catalyzed radical cyclisation of N-a-pechloroacyl-ketene-N,S-acetals: a new way to prepare disubstituted maleic anhydrides

The discovery that cycloalkanes can form thermomorphic systems with typical polar organic solvents hasled to the development of less-polar electrolyte solutions. Their mixing and separation can be regulatedreversibly at a moderate temperature range. The phase switching temperature can be controlled bychanging the solvent compositions. While biphasic conditions are maintained below the phase switchingtemperature, conductive monophasic conditions as less-polar electrolyte solutions are obtained abovethe phase switching temperature. After the electrochemical transformations, biphasic conditions arereconstructed below the phase switching temperature, facilitating the separation of cycloalkane wherehydrophobic products or designed hydrophobic platforms are selectively partitioned. Several polar organicsolvents, including acetonitrile, methanol, and pyridine, can be used in this system according to therequirement of the reactions.