Cellular and Molecular Signatures of Oxidative Stress in Bronchial Epithelial Cell Models Injured by Cigarette Smoke Extract

Bernardo Patella, Giuseppe Aiello, Rosalinda Inguanta, Claudia Torino, Salvatore Fasola, Marta Cristaldi, Antonio Vilasi, Stefania La Grutta, Marta Cristaldi, Stefania La Grutta, Elisabetta Pace, Chiara Cipollina, Andreina Bruno

Risultato della ricerca: Articlepeer review

8 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

Exposure of the airways epithelium to environmental insults, including cigarette smoke, results in increased oxidative stress due to unbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants. Oxidative stress is a feature of inflammation and promotes the progression of chronic lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Increased oxidative stress leads to exhaustion of antioxidant defenses, alterations in autophagy/mitophagy and cell survival regulatory mechanisms, thus promoting cell senescence. All these events are amplified by the increase of inflammation driven by oxidative stress. Several models of bronchial epithelial cells are used to study the molecular mechanisms and the cellular functions altered by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure, and to test the efficacy of molecules with antioxidant properties. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of human in-vitro and ex-vivo studies published from 2011 to 2021 describing the molecular and cellular mechanisms evoked by CSE exposure in bronchial epithelial cells, the most used experimental models and the mechanisms of action of cellular antioxidants systems as well as natural and synthetic antioxidant compounds.
Lingua originaleEnglish
Numero di pagine22
RivistaInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume23
Stato di pubblicazionePublished - 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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