Bactibilia in women affected with diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas. A STROBE guidelines-adherent cross-sectional study in Southern Italy

AbstractPurpose. Bile is a hepatobiliary lipid-rich sterile solution, and its colonization by microorganisms defines the condition ofbactibilia. In this study, we aimed to assess the bile microbiological flora and its potential link with comorbidity in women.Methodology. We performed a microbiologic investigation on 53 female patients with biliopancreatic diseases who grantedconsent, and we analysed the data using a MATLAB platform.Results. We found that the most frequent disease associated with bactibilia was pancreas head carcinoma (PHC) (P=0.0015),while the least frequent disease was gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) (P=0.0002). The most common microorganisms werePseudomonas spp. (P<0.0001) and Escherichia coli (P<0.0001). In particular Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli were negativelycorrelated to PHC presence and positively correlated to CCA by both univariate and multivariate analysis.Conclusions. Gram-negative bacteria have been linked to a tumour-associated inflammatory status. In the last 30 years, theanalysis of mortality rate in Italy for PHC and GBC shows an increasing and a decreasing trend, respectively. Although thisstudy targeted only 53 patients and does not reflect the frequency of diagnosis in a Southern Italian population, the decreasein GBC may raise the suggestion ofnon-adherence to a Mediterranean diet that may have become more prevalent inSouthern Italy since the 1990s.