Age-Related Inflammation: the Contribution of Different Organs, Tissues andSystems. How to Face it for Therapeutic Approaches

A typical feature of ageing is a chronic, low-grade inflammation characterized by a general increase in the production of proinflammatorycytokines and inflammatory markers (“inflamm-ageing”). This status may slowly damage one or several organs, especiallywhen unfavorable genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic alterations are concomitant, leading to an increased risk of frailty together withthe onset of age-related chronic diseases. The contribution of different tissues (adipose tissue, muscle), organs (brain, liver), immunesystem and ecosystems (gut microbiota) to age-related inflammation (“inflamm-ageing”) will be discussed in this review in the context ofits onset/progression leading to site-restricted and systemic effects. Moreover, some of the possible strategies and therapies to counteractthe different sources of molecular mediators which lead to the age-related inflammatory phenotype will be presented