Évolution historique des critères de reconnaissance du statut d’État à des entités contestées

The historical evolution of the criteria for recognition is only a reflection of the historical evolution of the functions that the act of recognition has fulfilled, and is fulfilling today in international law. Among the various possibilities, this contribution identifies at least 5 functions historically fulfilled by the act of recognition: co-optation, recognition, promotion, sanction, validation. Thus, the idea developed is that by virtue of the function fulfilled, the role played by different types of criteria of legitimacy, legality, effectiveness is destined to change.