LA FARMACOGENOMICA NELLA VALUTAZIONE DEL RISCHIO DA CHEMIOTERAPIA: POLIMORFISMI GENICI E 5-FLUOROURACILE NEL TRATTAMENTO DEL CARCINOMA DEL COLON-RETTO

[automatically translated] Introduction: The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its prodrug capecitabine, orally active, is used in the treatment of many solid tumors, including breast cancers, colorectal and head and neck region. Despite its effectiveness, against him were related to severe toxicity phenomena associated to the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), responsible for its metabolism, whose deficiency causes a profound delay in eliminating agent chemioterapico.Pertanto the presence of polymorphisms in the coding region of DPYD gene can lead to the development of severe toxicity of grade III-IV, such as: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hand-foot syndrome.